In youtube or in Box of graphics card you may see that the term of OC and if you google it you know it called overclock and it use for performance boost. But how to do it and why do it if there are powerful hardware we have. First we have to look back in history..
So you may have know that overclocking is use for performance boost of your computer hardware. But which hardware ?It is use for
1. Processor
2. Graphics Card
3. Ram.
So How a Processor , GPU or a Ram can be overclocked ?
overclocked really mean increase the clock rate by delivering power to the hardware and boost the performance of that hardware
First we talk about graphics card and processor.
So in old time hardware were limited and software were very performance intensive. specially 3D model rendering and AI model training. Specially running and testing games. and in time the most powerful processor can't give performance according to its need. The processors which were overclock able only sold to big industries. So in 2008 Intel launch the K series processors. The first processor that can be overclocked without damaging the processor So the consumer can overclock the processor if they had Good motherboard that can consume high watt and a good cooler. But there is a problem, when the processor get overclocked it get too hot. It reached to 80-90 degree and for this sometime processor get fried and Intel refused to give refund for this reason.
Graphics Card also overclocked for same reason. If we talk about computing performance then graphics card is very powerful. In 2010 people was shifting from 1366 resulation monitor to 1080P monitor. To run games on this monitor the GPU has to be provide a decent amount of performance. but the old GPU can handle 1080P gaming but if the graphics of the game is set to high or ultra setting then it started to throttle. That time the 4K monitor was also released and only GPU that can handle properly was GTX 1080 TI which came out in 2016 but graphics card like GTX 780TI and GTX 980 TI can run it in high setting but not stable and we have to keep that 4K monitor was not affordable at that time So gamer mainly focus to play at 1080P and for this some gamer overclock the GPU by a little and it boost the performance.
The story of the Ram is also same but it is little different the first overclock able Ram was the DDR4 Ram before that none of the DDR2 or DDR3 can't be overclocked. But Ram overclocked to get the full performance. You can see that the DDR4 3200 mhz Ram run at 2666 Mhz or 2133 Mhz so get the full performance of value people overclocked the Ram to get full performance not get over performance. Ram overclock also depend on the motherboard if your motherboard doesn't support more than 3200 Mhz then you can't overclock the Ram to 4000 Mhz and processor also depend on this.
In summary we can say that overclock help you to get performance but it require good amount of power and cooling system . It also required to have knowledge of computer hardware and software. For modern days overclocked not considered good because most of the hardware use a lot of power which is not good and it meet our actually desire.